Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disorder that can cause unusual changes in temper, activity, and concentration, it causes mood changes that could be manic (Ups) or depressive (Down). Additionally, BD can be extreme in manic episodes when people feel extremely happy, enthusiastic or up. On the other hand, in depressive episodes people feel sad, hopeless and with very low activity levels. It’s a disorder that occurs occasionally and at irregular intervals.
The symptoms of BD during the manic episode are: feeling up, enthusiastic, elated, feeling jumpy or more active than usual, racing thoughts and decreased need of sleep. During the depressive episode the symptoms are anxiety, sadness, feeling restless, trouble falling asleep.
The exact causes of bipolar disorder are unknown, however, research suggests that there is not a single cause, but a mix of different factors such as genes or cerebral structure. Also, BD usually requires lifetime treatment.

Diagnosis

Manic episodes can include symptoms such as excess energy, reduced need for sleep, and a loss of reality. Depressive episodes can include symptoms such as low energy, poor motivation, and loss of interest in daily activities. Episodes of mood swings last from days to months and can also be associated with suicidal thoughts.